|
is a common name for official Japanese communities in big cities outside Japan. Alternatively, a Japantown may be called ''J-town'', ''Little Tokyo'', or ''Nihonmachi'' (日本町), the first two being common names for the Japanese communities in San Francisco and Los Angeles, respectively. ==History== Historically, Japantowns represented the Japanese diaspora, and its individual members known as , are Japanese emigrants from Japan and their descendants that reside in a foreign country. Emigration from Japan first happened and was recorded as early as the 12th century to the Philippines,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Philippine Civilization, Culture and Technology )〕 but did not become a mass phenomenon until the Meiji Era, when Japanese began to go to the Philippines, North America, and beginning in 1897 with 35 emigrants to Mexico;〔Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), Japan: (Japan-Mexico relations )〕 and later to Peru, beginning in 1899 with 790 emigrants.〔Palm, Hugo. ( "Desafíos que nos acercan," ) ''El Comercio'' (Lima, Peru). March 12, 2008.〕 There was also significant emigration to the territories of the Empire of Japan during the colonial period; however, most such emigrants repatriated to Japan after the end of World War II in Asia. For a brief period in the 16th-17th centuries, Japanese overseas activity and presence in Southeast Asia and elsewhere in the region boomed. Sizeable Japanese communities, known as Nihonmachi, could be found in many of the major ports and political centers of the region, where they exerted significant political and economic influence. The Japanese had been active on the seas and across the region for centuries, traveling for commercial, political, religious and other reasons. The 16th century, however, saw a dramatic increase in such travel and activity. The internal strife of the Sengoku period caused a great many people, primarily samurai, commoner merchants, and Christian refugees to seek their fortunes across the seas. Many of the samurai who fled Japan around this time were those who stood on the losing sides of various major conflicts; some were ronin, some veterans of the Japanese invasions of Korea or of various other major conflicts. As Toyotomi Hideyoshi and later the Tokugawa shoguns issued repeated bans on Christianity, many fled the country; a significant portion of those settled in Catholic Manila.〔Wray. p8.〕 In the western countries such as Canada and the United States, the Japanese tended to integrate with society that many if not all Japantowns are in danger of completely disappearing with the remaining only existing in San Francisco and San Jose, California. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Japantown」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|